Study on antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of chemically profiled essential oils extracted from <i>Juniperus phoenicea</i> (L.) by use of <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in silico</i> approaches

Abstract Juniperus phoenicea (L.) is a medicinal plant that has been used in phytotherapy as treatment of certain pathological infections. In this context, the present work aimed to valorize essential oil J. seeds (EOGP) by studying its chemical composition, and antioxidant antimicrobial activities. The EOGP was extracted use hydrodistillation characterized gas chromatography (GC–MS). power evaluated three methods (TAC, DPPH, FRAP). against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6633), Escherichia coli (K12), Bacillus subtilis (DSM6333), Proteus mirabilis (ATCC29906), Candida albicans (ATCC10231), Aspergillus niger (MTCC282), flavus (MTCC9606), Fusarium oxysporum (MTCC9913). GC/MS results revealed total identification 99.98% with dominance carvacrol (39.81%) followed p -cymen-3-ol (34.44%) o -cymene (13.60%). Findings showed exhibited important IC50 determined be 26 µg/mL for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, while EC50 216.34 ferric reducing capacity 720 mg AAE/g. on solid medium inhibition diameters ranged from 11.30 ± 0.58 20 mm bacterial strains 9.33 0.57 54.43 0.29 fungi. Notably, minimum inhibitory concentrations 18 19 5.04 10.09 fungal strains. Overall, our demonstrated importance source natural antibacterial medicines clinically relevant pathogenic